用By类定位

许多属性都可以用来定位元素，参看 (4.元素定位)查看更多实例

>class selenium.webdriver.common.by.By

支持的定位策略： >classmethod is_valid(by)

>CLASS_NAME = ‘class name’

>CSS_SELECTOR = ‘css selector’

>ID = ‘id’

>LINK_TEXT = ‘link text’

>NAME = ‘name’

>PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT = ‘partial link text’

>TAG_NAME = ‘tag name’

>XPATH = ‘xpath’

期望的功能

请到 [2.开始]() 查看期望功能的实例 >class selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities.DesiredCapabilities

默认支持的期望功能的集合

在请求远程Web驱动连接selenium server 或者selenium grid时，首先一点要先创建一个期望功能的对象，请看实例：

from selenium import webdriver
selenium_grid_url = "http://198.0.0.1:4444/wd/hub"

# Create a desired capabilities object as a start point.
capabilities = DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy()
capabilities['platform'] = "WINDOWS"
capabilities['version'] = "10"

# Instantiate an instance of Remote WebDriver with the desired capabilities.
driver = webdriver.Remote(
        desired_capabilities=capabilities,
        command_executor=selenium_grid_url)

注意，请记得使用在DesiredCapabilities上使用 .copy() ，避免变更全局类实例带来的副作用 >ANDROID = {‘platform’: ‘ANDROID’, ‘browserName’: ‘android’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>CHROME = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘chrome’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>EDGE = {‘platform’: ‘WINDOWS’, ‘browserName’: ‘MicrosoftEdge’, ‘version’: ‘’}

>FIREFOX = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘firefox’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘marionette’: False, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>HTMLUNIT = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘htmlunit’, ‘version’: ‘’}

>HTMLUNITWITHJS = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘htmlunit’, ‘version’: ‘firefox’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>INTERNETEXPLORER = {‘platform’: ‘WINDOWS’, ‘browserName’: ‘internet explorer’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>IPAD = {‘platform’: ‘MAC’, ‘browserName’: ‘iPad’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>IPHONE = {‘platform’: ‘MAC’, ‘browserName’: ‘iPhone’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>OPERA = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘opera’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>PHANTOMJS = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘phantomjs’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

>SAFARI = {‘platform’: ‘ANY’, ‘browserName’: ‘safari’, ‘version’: ‘’, ‘javascriptEnabled’: True}

实用工具

一些 Utils 方法。

>selenium.webdriver.common.utils.free_port()

用socket开放一个空闲的端口

>selenium.webdriver.common.utils.is_connectable(port)

试图连接服务器上的端口看看是否可用

>selenium.webdriver.common.utils.is_url_connectable(port)

试图连接一个HTTP服务器的指定端口，看是否成功返回